Wednesday, 4 March 2015

CURRENT AFFAIRS DECEMBER 2014


Current affairs December 2014

Set 1
1) Who was appointed as the new CBI Director on 2 December 2014?
Ans. Anil Kumar Sinha

2) 26th World AIDS Day was observed across the world on 1 December 2014
with the theme?
Ans. Focus, Partner, Achieve: An AIDS-free generation

3) Indian Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi was on 5 December 2014 named
as the Asian of the Year 2014 by The Straits Times. 'The Straits Times' is the
leading newspaper in which country?
Ans. Singapore

4) Mahaparinirwan Diwas was observed across India on 6 December 2014 on the
death anniversary of?
Ans. Dr B R Ambedkar

5) Who became the first Indian Footballer to be conferred with Asian Football
Confederation (AFC) Hall of Fame Award on 30 November 2014?
Ans. Baichung Bhutia

6) Which film won the Golden Peacock Award at the 45th International Film
Festival of India (IFFI) which concluded in Goa recently?
Ans. Leviathan, Russian Film

7) Name the mascot for the 2016 European football championship announced
recently?
Ans. Super Victor

8) As decided recently, the birthday of the former Prime Minister Atal Bihari
Vajpayee on the 25 December will be observed as?
Ans. National Good Governance Day

9) United Nations General Assembly on 5 December 2014 declared which year as
the International Year of Soils?
Ans. 2015

10) Who was nominated as the next defence secretary of US Department of
Defence by the President Barack Obama on 5 December 2014?
Ans. Ashton Carter
Note: He will replace Chuck Hagel as US Defence Secretary, who resigned in
November 2014.

11) Recently American geologists discovered the most abundant mineral on
earth's lower mantle known as?
Ans. Bridgmanite

12) Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 29 November 2014 flagged off first
passenger train to which north-eastern state?
Ans. Meghalaya
Note: The move has put Meghalaya on India's railway map for the first time.

13) Which country on 30 November 2014 launched National Day song in Tamil
language to celebrate 50 years of its independence in 2015?
Ans. Singapore
Note: Tamil is the fourth official language of Singapore.

14) Who became the oldest player to score a century in the One-Day International
(ODI) on 30 November 2014?
Ans. Khurram Khan, United Arab Emirates (UAE) captain
Note: He scored the century against Afghanistan in Dubai. He achieved the feat
at an age of 43 years and 162 days thus breaking the record held in the name of
Sanath Jayasuriya of Sri Lanka.

15) Which country launched the new generation navigation satellite GLONASSK
on 30 November 2014?
Ans. Russia

16) Reserve Bank of India (RBI) on 2 December 2014 announced ...... bi-Monthly
Monetary Policy Statement?
Ans. fifth
Note: The rates have been kept unchanged. (Repo rate: 8 percent, Reverse repo
rate: 7 percent)

17) Nuclear capable missile Agni-IV was test fired on 2 December 2014 from?
Ans. Integrated Test Range in Wheeler Island, Odisha.

18) Nation on 3 December 2014 remembered the Bhopal gas tragedy that
happened 30 years back on?
Ans. 3 December 1984

19) UN observed International Volunteer Day (IVD) on?
Ans. 5 December

20) International Criminal Court (ICC) on 5 December 2014 withdrew the case
against President of which African country?
Ans. Kenya President, Uhuru Kenyatta

21) Which state government on 5 December 2014 decided to ban health camps
without prior approval of district civil surgeons?
Ans. Punjab

22) Name the multi-level global campaign to highlight importance of girls’
education launched by Bollywood actresses Priyanka Chopra and Freida Pinto
in New Delhi on 29 November 2014?
Ans. Girl Rising

23) Who won the 2014 presidential elections of Uruguay on 30 November 2014?
Ans. Tabare Ramon Vazquez Rosas

24) Maoists killed more than dozen CRPF personnel in an attack in Chintagufa
area of Sukma district of which state on 1 December 2014?
Ans. Chhattisgarh

25) Border Security Force (BSF) celebrated its .....th Raising day on 1 December
2014?
Ans. 49th

26) State Government of Gujarat on 5 December 2014 declared 353 villages of
which district as completely or partially scarcity-affected?
Ans. Kutch

27) Who won the 2014 US Player of the Year award on 5 December 2014?
Ans. US football team goalkeeper Tim Howard

28) Who was appointed as the Director General of National Disaster Response
Force (NDRF) on 1 December 2014?
Ans. OP Singh

29) Credit Rating Agency ICRA Limited on 5 December 2014 appointed whom as
non-executive Chairman after he was elected unilaterally by the ICRA Board?
Ans. Arun Duggal

30) First World Soil Day was observed by the United Nations Food and
Agriculture Organization (FAO) on?
Ans. 5 December 2014

31) Egypt court on 29 November 2014 dropped charges against its former
President?
Ans. Hosni Mubarak

32) The book "2014: The Election That Changed India" that was released on 1
November 2014 was penned by?
Ans. Rajdeep Sardesai

33) India recently joined the elite group of countries to build the largest telescope
in the world at?
Ans. Mauna Kea in Hawaii.

34) International Day for the Abolition of Slavery was observed by the United
Nations on?
Ans. December 2

35) Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 30 November 2014 coined the acronym
SMART for police forces across the country in the 49th annual conference of
India DGPs and IGPs. What does SMART stands for?
Ans. S for strict but sensitive, M for modern and mobile, A for alert and
accountable, R for reliable and responsive, T for techno-savvy and trained

36) Researchers led by Professor Gene K Beare recently developed world’s fastest
2D camera at which University?
Ans. National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, Washington
University.

Set 2

1) Who was named as the TIME’s Person of the Year 2014 on 10 December 2014
by the TIME’s magazine?
Ans. Ebola fighters

2) Indian Blind Cricket team on 7 December 2014 won the fourth edition of the
Blind Cricket World Cup (BCWC) 2014 by defeating which country in the final?
Ans. Pakistan
Note: The final held at Wally Wilson Cricket Ground in Cape Town, South
Africa. The captain of the Indian team was Shekar Naik.

3) India on 7 December 2014 set the Guinness Record for largest human
formation of a national flag in the world. Where was this event held?
Ans. Chennai

4) Which US-based taxi service was in news recently as Delhi Government
banned its services in the national capital?
Ans. Uber taxi service

5) Who recently became the first Indian-American to be appointed as US
Ambassador to India?
Ans. Richard Rahul Verma

6) Human Rights Day was observed globally on 10 December 2014 with the
theme?
Ans. Human Rights 365

7) Kailash Satyarthi and Malala Yousafzai received Nobel Peace Prize for the
year 2014 on 10 December 2014. Where was the award ceremony held?
Ans. Oslo, Norway

8) Union Home Ministry on 10 December 2014 removed which section of Indian
Penal Code (IPC) decriminalizing attempt to suicide?
Ans. Section 309

9) Which bank recently launched India’s first credit card with a unique
transparent design and a distinctive look, in association with American Express?
Ans. ICCI Bank

10) Indian Communication Satellite GSAT-16 was on 7 December 2014 launched
successfully from?
Ans. Kourou space port in French Guiana
Note: GSAT-16 carries a total of 48 communication transponders, the largest by
a communication satellite developed by the ISRO so far.

11) International Cricket Council (ICC) on 7 December 2014 suspended which
Pakistani player from bowling in international cricket with immediate effect for
illegal bowling action?
Ans. Mohammad Hafeez

12) Andhra Pradesh Government on 8 December 2014 signed a Memorandum of
Understanding (MoU) with which country for the development of its new capital
that is set to come up near Vijawayada region?
Ans. Singapore

13) World’s first handcrafted herbal Holy Quran was unveiled on 8 December
2014 in?
Ans. Dubai

14) State Bank of India (SBI) on 9 December 2014 launched two indices namely
the SBI Monthly Composite Index and the SBI Yearly Composite Index. What is
the aim of these indices?
Ans. To primarily track manufacturing and services activity to determine
contraction and expansion of the Indian economy.

15) Advanced version of Mark-II Pinaka Rocket was successfully test fired on 9
December 2014 from?
Ans. Chandipur, Odisha

16) Which Nobel Laureate was in news recently because he auctioned his Nobel
Prize medal for 4.8 million US dollars, thus becoming the first living recipient to
auction the Nobel Prize medal?
Ans. James D Watson
Note: He was awarded the Nobel Prize for the discovery of the structure of DNA
in 1962.

17) Which Australian Cricketer player on 12 December 2014 completed 1000 Test
runs in 2014, becoming the first opener to achieve the feat in one calendar year
since England skipper Alastair Cook in 2012?
Ans. David Warner

18) Which former South African cricketer was on 5 December 2014 appointed as
the mentor and batting consultant for Indian Premier League (IPL) team Kolkata
Knight Rider (KKR)?
Ans. Jacques Kallis

19) Nation remembered and paid homage to martyrs of Parliament attack on
......th anniversary of Parliament attack on 13 December 2014?
Ans. 13th

20) Delhi High Court on 10 December 2014 banned which chinese handset maker
to sell phones in India over patent issue with Ericsson?
Ans. Xiaomi

21) International Anti-Corruption Day was observed by the United Nations on?
Ans. 9 December

22) Which state government on 8 December 2014 launched the 'M One app' that
will provide a platform for m-governance in the State?
Ans. Karnataka

23) Who was awarded Swiss Ambassador's Award in Mumbai on 3 December
2014?
Ans. Azim Premji, Wipro Chairman

24) Which Indian playback singer was awarded the Lifetime Achievement
Award at the 11th Dubai International Film Festival (DIFF) held in Dubai on 10
December 2014?
Ans. Asha Bhosle

25) Which Indian won Miss Universal Peace & Humanity 2014 at Beirut, Lebanon
on 10 December 2014?
Ans. Ruhi Singh

26) First Arabic translation of Indian Constitution was launched on 9 December
2014 at?
Ans. Cairo, Egypt.

27) 15th Indo-Russian Bilateral Annual Summit was recently held at?
Ans. New Delhi
Note: President Vladimir Putin of Russia visited India to hold the summit on
the invitation of Prime Minister Narendra Modi.

28) Name the Indian who was appointed as an honorary member of the
International Olympic Committee (IOC) recently?
Ans. Randhir Singh

29) Olympian Grihanandan Singh who died on 7 December 2014 in New Delhi
was famous in which sport?
Ans. Hockey

30) The Committee on Leveraging the Post Office Network on 4 December 2014
submitted its report to the Union Ministry of Communications and Information
Technology. Who headed the committee?
Ans. Former Cabinet Secretary TSR Subramanian

31) Armed Forces Flag Day was observed recently across the nation on?
Ans. 7 December
Set 3

1) Who was crowned Miss World 2014?
Ans. Rolene Strauss
Note: She was Miss South Africa. The final of the beauty pageant was held in
London, UK. Miss Hungary, Edina Kulcsar, was the runner-up and Miss United
States, Elizabeth Safrit, came third.

2) Which country won Hockey’s Champions Trophy 2014?
Ans. Germany
Note: In the final match played at the Kalinga Stadium in Bhubaneswar,
Odisha, Olympic Champions Germany defeated Pakistan by 2-0 margin.

3) Who became longest serving Chief Minister of India on 12 December 2014?
Ans. Pawan Chamling, Sikkim Chief Minister
Note: He completed his 20 years in the office on 12 December 2014. Earlier, the
longest serving CM was late Communist leader Jyoti Basu who was chief
minister of West Bengal.

4) Who was appointed as Director of the Intelligence Bureau (IB) on 13 December
2014?
Ans. Dineshwar Sharma

5) Which bank on 16 December 2014 launched its mobile banking facility named
Bank Aap Ki Muththi Mein?
Ans. HDFC Bank

6) Which terrorist group on 16 December 2014 carried out a massacre in the
Army-run school in Peshawar, Pakistan?
Ans. Tehreek-e-Taliban

7) Reserve Bank of India (RBI) on 15 December 2014 increased RTGS (real time
gross settlement) business hours from 7.30 hours to 12 hours. What is the revised
timing now?
Ans. 8 am to 8 pm on weekdays.
Note: Earlier it was 9 am to 4.30 pm.

8) Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) successfully launched India’s
heaviest rocket named ___ carrying Crew module Atmospheric Reentry
Experiment (CARE) from Sriharikota in Andhra Pradesh on 18 December 2014?
Ans. GSLV Mark-III-X

9) Book tittled "Born Again on the Mountain" which was released by Prime
Minister Narendra Modi on 12 December 2014 was written by?
Ans. Arunima Sinha
Note: She is the first Indian amputee and first female amputee to climb Mount
Everest.

10) World Diamond Conference was recently held at?
Ans. New Delhi

11) Name the Indian-American physician who was on 15 December 2014
appointed as the 19th Surgeon General of America?
Ans. Vivek Hallegere Murthy

12) 14th Finance Commission headed by whom submitted its report to the
President of India on 15 December 2014?
Ans. YV Reddy, former RBI governor

13) International Boxing Association (AIBA) on 17 December 2014 banned the
which Indian boxer for one year for not accepting her bronze medal at Asian
Games 2014 medal ceremony?
Ans. Sarita Devi

14) Minorities Rights Day was observed across the world to create awareness on
rights of minorities on?
Ans. 18 December

15) Name the Japanese Prime Minister who was on 14 December 2014 re-elected
for another four-year term?
Ans. Shinzo Abe

16) Rio 2016 Olympics and Paralympics Games mascot have been recently
named respectively as?
Ans. Vinicius and Tom

17) Google on 15 December 2014 released its annual Year in Search (YIS) Report
2014. What was the top trending search during 2014?
Ans. Elections 2014

18) Who became the world’s first twin and sibling to climb the highest peaks of
the seven continents on 16 December 2014?
Ans. Tashi Malik and Nungshi Malik

19) Union Government on 16 December 2014 banned which terror group under
Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act?
Ans. Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS).

20) Which Indian film was nominated on 13 December 2014 for Oscar 2015 in
categories Best Picture and Best Original Score?
Ans. Jal

21) Who was appointed as Mauritius Prime Minister by the President Purryag on
14 December 2014?
Ans. Anerood Jugnauth

22) National Energy Conservation Day was observed on?
Ans. 14 December

23) Which Indian player on 15 December 2014 won his maiden London Classic
Chess title?
Ans. Viswanathan Anand

24) Name the Japanese teens who became youngest table tennis champions on 13
December 2014 in table tennis World Grand Finals?
Ans. Mima Ito and Miu Hirano

25) Vijay Diwas was observed across the country on?
Ans. 16 December

26) Which country on 19 December 2014 became Associate Member State of
CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research)?
Ans. Pakistan
Set 4

1) Union Government observed 25 December 2014 as Good Governance Day on
the birthday of?
Ans. Atal Bihari Vajpayee

2) Who was honoured with the Yash Chopra Memorial Award on 23 December
2014?
Ans. Amitabh Bachchan

3) India on 20 December 2014 won the Men and Women title of Kabaddi World
Cup 2014. Where was the event held?
Ans. Jalandhar, Punjab, India.

4) Who was elected as the President of the Federation of Indian Chambers of
Commerce & Industry (FICCI) on 20 December 2014?
Ans. Jyotsna Suri, Chairperson of Bharat Hotels

5) Who was recently appointed as the ambassador of Cricket World Cup 2015?
Ans. Sachin Tendulkar

6) Who was on 19 December 2014 appointed as the Chairman of the reconstituted
Indian Banks’ Association committee on Member Private Sector Banks for 2014-
15?
Ans. Shyam Srinivasan
Note: He is the CEO of Federal Bank.

7) Which section of Indian Penal Code (IPC) was in news recently as Union
Home Ministry decided to remove this Section, thus decriminalizing attempt to
suicide?
Ans. Section 309

8) Reserve Bank of India (RBI) on 23 December 2014 extended the deadline for
exchanging pre-2005 of various denominations to?
Ans. 30 June 2015

9) Former Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpee and freedom fighter Pandit Madan
Mohan Malaviya (posthumously) were selected for Bharat Ratna recently. In
which year Bharat Ratna was instituted?
Ans. 1954

10) National Consumers Right Day was observed across India on? - 24
December

11) National Mathematics Day was celebrated on 22 December every year on
whose birthday?
Ans. Srinivasa Ramanujan

12) India on 20 December 2014 exported CGS Barracuda offshore patrol vessel
(OPV) to which country?
Ans. Mauritius
Note: This is the first warship ordered by a foreign country from shipyard of
India.

13) Name the Mission launched by Union Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
on 25 December 2014 to achieve full immunization coverage for all children by
2020?
Ans. Indradhanush

14) Which country recently successfully test-launched Angara-A5 rocket?
Ans. Russia

15) Bharat Heavy Electricals (BHEL) on 22 December 2014 bagged a 16.96 million
Euro contract for a thermal power project in which country?
Ans. Turkey

16) Union Government recently released Calendar for the year 2015 with the
theme?
Ans. Clean India Green India

17) Which was named as the most important scientific Breakthrough of the Year
2014 by Science journal recently?
Ans. European space mission Rosetta

18) Union Ministry of Home Affairs on 23 December 2014 set up a committee to
examine the possibility of constitution of a Special Investigation Team (SIT) for
reinvestigation of the 1984 anti-Sikh riot cases. Who will head the committe?
Ans. former Supreme Court Judge Justice (retired) G.P. Mathur.

19) Who was appointed as the Chairman and Managing Director (CMD) of Coal
India Ltd (CIL) on 23 December 2014?
Ans. S Bhattacharya

20) Which country won Gold in World Youth Under-16 Chess Olympiad on 22
December 2014?
Ans. India
Note: Event was held at Gyor, Hungary.

21) Union Cabinet on 23 December 2014 approved promulgation of an Ordinance
to hike Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) cap in the insurance sector to?
Ans. 49 percent

22) Reserve Bank of India (RBI) on 22 December 2014 licensed which subsidiary
of Ford Motor Credit Company to operate as a non-banking financial company
(NBFC) in India?
Ans. Ford Credit India

23) Surat Municipal Corporation (SMC) on 19 December 2014 has partnered with
which company to transform Surat into a smart city?
Ans. Microsoft India

24) Book titled Why I Assassinated Gandhi written by Nathuram Godse and
Gopal Godse was in news in during December 2014 for what?
Ans. First revised edition of book was published by Delhi-based Farsight
Publishers and Distributors.

25) Which country on 23 December 2014 launched its largest ever missile
warship named Tuo Chiang?
Ans. Taiwan

Sunday, 19 October 2014

India's Mars Orbiter Mission / Mangalyaan

                  On 24th September 2014, India has created space history by successfully placing its low-cost Mangalyan spacecraft  in orbit around the Red Planet. With this, India became the first nation to reach Mars on its maiden attempt. Our Mangalyaan spacecraft successfully entered orbit around the Red Planet after a 10-month journey. The success of the mission, which is designed to search for evidence of life on the Red Planet, is a huge source of national pride for India as it leaves its Asian rivals, including China, in the shade.  It is a significant achievement after Chandrayaan.
                                             
India's Mars Orbiter Mission / Mangalyaan
                    
India now joins an elite club of the United States, Russia and Europe who can boast of reaching Mars. The United States had its first success with a 1964 flyby by a spacecraft called Mariner 4, returning 21 images of the surface of the planet. The former Soviet Union reached the planet in 1971, and the European Space Agency in 2003. More than half of all missions to the planet (23 out of 41 missions) have ended in failure, including China's in 2011 and Japan's in 2003. No single nation had previously succeeded at its first go, although the European Space Agency, which represents a consortium of countries, did also pull it off at its first attempt.

Now Mangalyaan has reached Mars, it is expected to study the planet's surface and scan its atmosphere for methane, which could provide evidence of some sort of life form.

Important points  about MOM / Mangalyan

o    The Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), also called as Mangalyaan (Mangalyan is an unofficial name)
o    This program is run by ISRO (Indian Space Research Organization)
o    Manufactured by Indian Space Research Organisation Satellite Centre (ISAC)
o    Launched into Earth orbit on 5th November 2013
Mangalyaan  

o    It was launched from Sriharikota in Andhra Pradesh.
o    This project is aimed as a "technology demonstrator". It will showcase and prove the capability for inter-planetary missions
o    The launch was made using PSLV-XL C25 rocket
o    The orbiter will have a life of 6 to 10 months in the orbit
o    While orbiting Mars the orbiter will study surface features, minerals and atmosphere on Mars
o    There are 5 main instruments on the orbiter
o    Lyman-Alpha Photometer (LAP)
o    Methane Sensor For Mars (MSM)
o    Mars Exospheric Neutral Composition Analyser (MENCA)
o    Thermal Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (TIS)
o    Mars Colour Camera (MCC)
o    It was successfully inserted into orbit of Mars on 24 September 2014
o    India the first Asian nation to reach Mars orbit.
o    The Mars Orbiter Mission was achieved on a budget of $74 million, nearly a tenth of the amount the US space agency Nasa spent on sending the Maven spacecraft to Mars.
o    This mission has been executed without any association with any foreign country. ..its completely indigenous.
o    The spacecraft has traveled more than 650 crore kilometers in around 300 days to complete this journey.

Team Members worked on Mangalyaan Mission

o    K Radhakrishnan
o    Chairman of ISRO, secretary in department of space.
o    Responsible for leading the mission and overall activities of Isro.
o    M Annadurai
o    Programme director, Mars Orbiter Mission
o    Responsible for budget management, direction for spacecraft configuration, schedule and resources.
o    S Ramakrishnan
o    Director of Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre and Member Launch Authorisation Board.
o    Responsible for realising the rocket (Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle) that would ferry the Mars orbiter.
o    SK Shivakumar
o    Director, Isro Satellite Centre.
o    Responsible for developing satellite technology and implementing satellite systems for scientific, technological and application missions.
o    P Kunhikrishnan
o    Project director, PSLV programme; ninth time as mission director.
o    Responsible for seeing the rocket completes its mission successfully and that the satellite is correctly injected in the designated orbit.
o    Chandradathan
o    Director, Liquid Propulsion system.
o    Made rich contribution to the realisation of solid motors for sounding rockets
o    AS Kiran Kumar
o    Director, Satellite Application Centre
o    Responsible for designing and building three of the orbiter payloads - Mars Colour Camera, Methane Sensor and Thermal Infrared Imaging Spectrometer.
o    MYS Prasad
o    Director, Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Chairman, Launch Authorisation Board
o    Responsible for range safety and schedules, overall in-charge at rocket port.
o    S Arunan
o    Project director, Mars Orbiter Mission.
o    Responsible for leading a team to build the spacecraft.
o    B Jayakumar
o    Associate project director, PSLV project
o    Responsible for the rocket systems, testing till the final lift-off.
o    MS Pannirselvam
o    Chief general manager, range operation director at Sriharikota Rocket port.
o    Responsible for maintaining launch schedules without any slippages

Team Members worked on Mangalyaan Mission




Sunday, 7 September 2014

Wales Declaration of NATO Summit 2014


Wales Declaration of NATO Summit 2014 

North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) Summit 2014 was held in Wales, UK from 4 to 5 September 2014. This was the first summit held in the United Kingdom since Margaret Thatcher welcomed NATO leaders to London in 1990.

More than 60 world leaders attended the NATO Summit. Ukraine, Afghanistan was the top agenda for leaders of NATO Summit.

The summit in Wales was also attended by the US President Barrack Obama, with this, Obama became the first sitting President to visit Wales. Earlier, no sitting President of US has visited Wales.

Wales declaration on Ukraine Crisis

• The Heads of NATO and Ukraine Commission condemned Russia’s illegal and illegitimate self-declared annexation of Crimea, which created destabilization of eastern Ukraine that is a violation of international law.

• They called on Russia to reverse its self-declared annexation of Crimea and must end its support for militants in eastern Ukraine, withdraw its troops and stop its military activities across the Ukrainian border.

• NATO recognized Ukraine’s intent to expand its Distinctive Partnership with NATO and strategic consultations in the NATO-Ukraine Commission.

• NATO will also provide assistance to Ukraine to rehabilitate injured military personnel and encouraged NATO’s advisory presence at the NATO offices in Kyiv.

• NATO also considered Ukraine’s requests for military-technical assistance, and many Allies are accepted to provide additional support to Ukraine on a bilateral basis
Wales Declaration on Afghanistan
• International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) will conclude at the end of 2014 as planned. ISAF and the Afghan National Security Forces (ANSF) have assisted the Afghan people to regain control over their nation’s destiny over the past thirteen years.
• With the end of ISAF, the nature and scope of NATOs engagement with Afghanistan will change and it will be envisaged in three parallel, mutually reinforcing, strands of activity.
1. Resolute Support Mission - Under the Resolution Support Mission, NATO Allies and partner nations stand ready to continue to train, advise and assist the ANSF after 2014. For this purpose, a new, non-combat mission will be established and establishment is contingent on the signing of the US-Afghanistan Bilateral Security Agreement and NATO-Afghanistan Status of Forces Agreement.  
The Resolute Support Mission should be in consultation with the Government of Afghanistan and it should be supported by a United Nations Security Council Resolution.
2. Financial Sustainment of the ANSF - NATO and its allies have decided to provide support to the ANSF, as appropriate, through the Transformation Decade. They renewed their financial commitments to support the sustainment of the ANSF till the end of 2017, but they also want that Afghanistan should take its financial responsibility for its own security forces by 2024 that was agreed at Chicago summit.
Oversight and Coordination Body was already established to ensure donors can confidently commit this support and decided to maintain and strengthen the transparent, accountable and cost-effective of relevant international funding mechanisms since Chicago summit 2012.

3. NATO-Afghanistan Enduring Partnership - NATO and its allies committed to the NATO-Afghanistan Enduring Partnership. Under this partnership, both the political and practical elements of the partnership should be jointly owned and strengthened through regular consultation on issues of strategic concern.
NATO is ready to work with Afghanistan to develop this partnership in line with NATO’s Partnership Policy, possibly including the development of an Individual Partnership Cooperation Programme at an appropriate time.
• NATO decided to support an Afghan-led, Afghan-owned and inclusive peace process, as stated at the 2011 Bonn Conference and at the Chicago Summit in 2012.
• They also decided to support Afghanistan in making further progress towards becoming a stable, sovereign, democratic and united country, where rule of law and good governance prevail.
• They emphasized the particular importance of strengthening efforts to implement the rights of women, need for the protection of children from armed conflict and the United Nations Security Council Resolutions on Women, Peace and Security, and to include women fully in political, peace and reconciliation processes.
Wales declaration on the Transatlantic Bond
• North America and Europe agreed to increase defence expenditure in real terms as GDP grows and will direct their defence budgets as efficiently and effectively as possible.
• At Present, the aim is to move towards the existing NATO guideline of spending 2 percent of GDP on defence within a decade, with a view to fulfilling NATO capability priorities.
 North Atlantic Alliance- The North Atlantic Alliance binds North America and Europe in the defence of common security, prosperity and values. It guarantees the security of its members through collective defence.
It strengthens security in Europe, and projects stability further afield through crisis management and cooperative security with its unique set of partnerships.

About NATO
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) also called the North Atlantic Alliance. NATO is an intergovernmental military alliance based on the North Atlantic Treaty which was signed on 4 April 1949.
The last NATO summit was held in Chicago in 2012 and the next NATO Summit will be held in Warsaw, Poland in 2016.


Thursday, 4 September 2014

Teacher’s Day in India and World Teacher’s Day


Teacher’s Day in India and World Teachers Day
Happy Teachers day
Happy Teacher's Day


Teacher's Day in India: SarvepalliRadhakrishnan was an Indian philosopher and statesman who was the first Vice President of India (1952-1962) and the second President of India from 1962 to 1967. Radhakrishnan was awarded several high awards during his life, including the Bharat Ratna, the highest civilian award in India, in 1954, and honorary membership of the British Royal Order of Merit in 1963.Radhakrishnan believed that teachers should be the best minds in the country”. Since 1962, his birthday (5th September) is celebrated in India as Teacher’s Day.

World Teacher’s Day, held annually on October 5th since 1994, commemorates teacher’s organizations worldwide. Its aim is to mobilize support for teachers and to ensure that the needs of future generations will continue to be met by teachers. According to UNESCO, World Teacher’s Day represents a significant token of the awareness, understanding and appreciation displayed for the vital contribution that teachers make to education and development.

Wishing You All Happy Teacher's day
-
PraveenBH